Forming the Present and Future Indicative in Classical Greek
Present Indicative Active
The Present Indicative Active is formed by adding the present tense endings to the verb stem.
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | λύω | λύομεν |
| 2nd | λύεις | λύετε |
| 3rd | λύει | λύουσι(ν) |
Future Indicative Active
The Future Indicative Active is formed in various ways, often by adding the future tense endings to the verb stem, with a σ (sigma) before the endings for most verbs.
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | λύσω | λύσομεν |
| 2nd | λύσεις | λύσετε |
| 3rd | λύσει | λύσουσι(ν) |
Present Indicative Passive
The Present Indicative Passive is formed by adding passive voice endings to the verb stem. For regular verbs, this typically involves the endings -ομαι, -ῃ, -εται for the singular, and -όμεθα, -εσθε, -ονται for the plural.
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | λύομαι | λυόμεθα |
| 2nd | λύῃ | λύεσθε |
| 3rd | λύεται | λύονται |
Future Indicative Passive
The Future Indicative Passive for regular verbs often involves a future passive stem, typically formed by adding -θη- to the stem, followed by the standard active voice future endings. However, some verbs may form the future passive with -ησ- or other variations.
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | λυθήσομαι | λυθησόμεθα |
| 2nd | λυθήσῃ | λυθήσεσθε |
| 3rd | λυθήσεται | λυθήσονται |