Ancient Greek Handouts

Formation of the Perfect Indicative in Classical Greek

Active Voice

The Perfect Active Indicative often indicates that an action has been completed and its results are still relevant or noticeable in the present. It is formed using the perfect stem of the verb, plus the relevant personal endings.

Middle/Passive Voice

The Perfect Middle and Passive voices are used to indicate an action completed by the subject (Middle) or done to the subject (Passive), with lasting effects into the present. These forms often share the same endings in Greek.